Compiled blog: 2017

Wednesday, December 27, 2017

Open source translation tools to localize your project

Localization plays a central role in the ability to customize an open source project to suit the needs of users around the world. Besides coding, language translation is one of the main ways people around the world contribute to and engage with open source projects.
There are tools specific to the language services industry (surprised to hear that's a thing?) that enable a smooth localization process with a high level of quality. Categories that localization tools fall into include:

Computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools
Machine translation (MT) engines
Translation management systems (TMS)
Terminology management tools
Localization automation tools

The proprietary versions of these tools can be quite expensive. A single license for SDL Trados Studio (the leading CAT tool) can cost thousands of euros, and even then it is only useful for one individual and the customizations are limited (and psst, they cost more, too). Open source projects looking to localize into many languages and streamline their localization processes will want to look at open source tools to save money and get the flexibility they need with customization. I've compiled this high-level survey of many of the open source localization tool projects out there to help you decide what to use.

Computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools

omegat_cat.png

^{OmegaT CAT tool. Here you see the translation
memory (Fuzzy Matches) and terminology recall (Glossary) features at
work. OmegaT is licensed under the GNU Public License version 3+.}

CAT tools are a staple of the language services industry. As the name implies, CAT tools help translators perform the tasks of translation, bilingual review, and monolingual review as quickly as possible and with the highest possible consistency through reuse of translated content (also known as translation memory). Translation memory and terminology recall are two central features of CAT tools. They enable a translator to reuse previously translated content from old projects in new projects. This allows them to translate a high volume of words in a shorter amount of time while maintaining a high level of quality through terminology and style consistency. This is especially handy for localization, as text in a lot of software and web UIs is often the same across platforms and applications. CAT tools are standalone pieces of software though, requiring translators that use them to work locally and merge to a central repository.
Tools to check out:

Machine translation (MT) engines

MT engines automate the transfer of text from one language to another. MT is broken up into three primary methodologies: rules-based, statistical, and neural (which is the new player). The most widespread MT methodology is statistical, which (in very brief terms) draws conclusions about the interconnectedness of a pair of languages by running statistical analyses over annotated bilingual corpus data using n-gram models. When a new source language phrase is introduced to the engine for translation, it looks within its analyzed corpus data to find statistically relevant equivalents, which it produces in the target language. MT can be useful as a productivity aid to translators, changing their primary task from translating a source text to a target text to post-editing the MT engine's target language output. I don't recommend using raw MT output in localizations, but if your community is trained in the art of post-editing, MT can be a useful tool to help them make large volumes of contributions.
Tools to check out:

Translation management systems (TMS)

mozilla_pontoon.png

^{Mozilla's Pontoon translation management
system user interface. With WYSIWYG editing, you can translate content
in context and simultaneously perform translation and quality assurance.
Pontoon is licensed under the BSD 3-clause New or Revised License.}

TMS tools are web-based platforms that allow you to manage a localization project and enable translators and reviewers to do what they do best. Most TMS tools aim to automate many manual parts of the localization process by including version control system (VCS) integrations, cloud services integrations, project reporting, as well as the standard translation memory and terminology recall features. These tools are most amenable to community localization or translation projects, as they allow large groups of translators and reviewers to contribute to a project. Some also use a WYSIWYG editor to give translators context for their translations. This added context improves translation accuracy and cuts down on the amount of time a translator has to wait between doing the translation and reviewing the translation within the user interface.
Tools to check out

Terminology management tools

baseterm_term_entry_example.png

^{Brigham Young University's BaseTerm tool
displays the new-term entry dialogue window. BaseTerm is licensed under
the Eclipse Public License.}

Terminology management tools give you a GUI to create terminology resources (known as termbases) to add context and ensure translation consistency. These resources are consumed by CAT tools and TMS platforms to aid translators in the process of translation. For languages in which a term could be either a noun or a verb based on the context, terminology management tools allows you to add metadata for a term that labels its gender, part of speech, monolingual definition, as well as context clues. Terminology management is often an underserved, but no less important, part of the localization process. In both the open source and proprietary ecosystems, there are only a small handful of options available.
Tools to check out

Localization automation tools

okapi_framework.jpg

^{The Ratel and Rainbow components of the Okapi
Framework. Photo courtesy of the Okapi Framework. The Okapi Framework is
licensed under the Apache License version 2.0.}

Localization automation tools facilitate the way you process localization data. This can include text extraction, file format conversion, tokenization, VCS synchronization, term extraction, pre-translation, and various quality checks over common localization standard file formats. In some tool suites, like the Okapi Framework, you can create automation pipelines for performing various localization tasks. This can be very useful for a variety of situations, but their main utility is in the time they save by automating many tasks. They can also move you closer to a more continuous localization process.
Tools to check out

Source: https://opensource.com

Change default code page of Windows console to UTF-8

Running chcp 65001 in the command prompt prior to use of any tools helps but is there any way to set is as default code page?

Changing HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\CodePage\OEMCP value to 65001 appear to make the system unable to boot in my case.
Proposed change of HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Command Processor\Autorun to @chcp 65001>nul

Batch file .bat

@ECHO OFF
REM change CHCP to UTF-8
CHCP 65001
CLS

Saved at C:\Windows\System32 as switch.bat. Create a link for cmd.exe on the desktop.
In the properties of cmd, changed the destination to: C:\Windows\System32\cmd.exe /k switch

Note that it will print Active code page: 65001 to stdout. So if you are doing something like CHCP 65001 && mycommand.exe then you'll get the codepage printed out at the start. You need to CHCP 65001 >nul && mycommand.exe

Reg file:

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
[HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Console\%SystemRoot%_system32_cmd.exe]
"CodePage"=dword:fde9

Value must be in hex
Top line must be included exactly as is
HKEY_CURRENT_USER cannot be abbreviated
dword cannot be omitted

Command Prompt:

REG ADD HKCU\Console\%SystemRoot^%_system32_cmd.exe /v CodePage /t REG_DWORD /d 65001

Value can be in dec or hex
%SystemRoot% must be escaped
REG_DWORD cannot be omitted

PowerShell:

New-Item -ErrorAction Ignore HKCU:\Console\%SystemRoot%_system32_cmd.exe
Set-ItemProperty HKCU:\Console\%SystemRoot%_system32_cmd.exe CodePage 65001

Value can be in dec or hex
-Type DWord is assumed with PowerShell 3+
Can use ni -> New-Item
Can use sp -> Set-ItemProperty
Can use -ea 0 -> -ErrorAction Ignore

Cygwin:

regtool add '\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Console\%SystemRoot%_system32_cmd.exe'
regtool set '\HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Console\%SystemRoot%_system32_cmd.exe\CodePage' 65001

Value can be in dec or hex
Can use / -> \
Can use HKCU -> HKEY_CURRENT_USER
Can use user -> HKEY_CURRENT_USER

Thursday, December 7, 2017

MemoQ and VBS

A simple snippet of script code for exporting a TM to TMX has been circulating for a while now as a VBA macro to run from Microsoft Word, for example. Personally, I object to running something in MS Word that has nothing to do with that program, so I recoded it as an executable script and added a few extra tweaks:

tmFolder = InputBox("Which TM should be exported?")
if tmFolder <> "" then

' The path where all my memoQ TMs are stored
standardTMpath = "C:\ProgramData\MemoQ\Translation Memories\"

'build absolute paths
outputTMXfile = ".\" & tmFolder & "_" & date() & ".tmx"
tmFolder = standardTMpath & tmFolder

Set fact = CreateObject("MemoQ.ClientService.ServiceFactoryScripting")
Set tmService = fact.CreateTMService
Set createTMRes = tmService.ExportToTMX(tmFolder, outputTMXfile)
if createTMRes.Success = False then
MsgBox createTMRes.ShortErrorMessage
else
MsgBox "The TM was exported."
end if

end if

Just copy that script into a text file, rename the extension to *.vbs and you have a double-clickable script to export a TM without opening memoQ. The TMX export is placed in the same folder where the script is executed and tagged with the date of the export.

Encouraged by this little test, I went on to tackle one of my pet peeves: the lack of muliti-file import capabilities in memoQ TMs. Trados Studio has no problem importing a folder full of TMX files to a TM in one go, but with memoQ one must import each TMX file - painfully - one at a time. The pain is felt quite severely if, for example, you are a former OmegaT user with a legacy of 300+ TMX files from your old projects.

So I wrote another little script which allows me to drag and drop any number of TMX files onto its icon and have them all import to the specified TM. This is a rather crude example for just one set of had-coded sublanguages (DE-DE and EN-US). The API currently does not allow sublanguages to be ignored for the import. Adapt this to use your relevant sublanguages if you like:

'
' memoQ TMX import macro
' drag & drop TMX files onto the script icon
'
tmFolder = InputBox("To which TM should the TMX file(s) be imported?")
If tmFolder <> "" Then

' The path where all my memoQ TMs are stored
standardTMpath = "E:\Working databases\MemoQ\TMs\"

'build absolute path
tmFolder = standardTMpath & tmFolder

' Create the ServiceFactoryScripting object and TM service
Set objSFS = CreateObject("MemoQ.ClientService.ServiceFactoryScripting")
Set svcTM = objSFS.CreateTMService

' Set import options parameters
Set objImportOptions = CreateObject("MemoQ.ClientService.TMImportOptionsScripting")
objImportOptions.TMXSourceLanguageCode = "ger-de"
objImportOptions.TMXTargetLanguageCode = "eng-us"
objImportOptions.TradosImportOptimization = False
objImportOptions.DefaultValues = Null
objImportOptions.DefaultsOverrideInput = False

Set objArgs = WScript.Arguments
For I = 0 To objArgs.Count - 1
    tmxfile = objArgs(I)
    logFileName = tmFolder & "_" & date() & "_" & "importlog." & I & ".txt"

    Set returnvalue = svcTM.ImportFromTMX(tmFolder, tmxfile, objImportOptions, logFileName)
    If returnvalue.Success = False Then
        MsgBox returnvalue.ShortErrorMessage
    Else
        MsgBox "No errors in the import of " & tmxfile & ". See the log file at: " & logFileName
    End If
Next

end if

Source: http://www.translationtribulations.com

Tuesday, December 5, 2017

Google Translate with Internet Explorer COM Object in AutoHotKey

phrase := "This is a test"
LangIn := "en"
LangOut := "de"
msgbox % GoogleTranslate(phrase,LangIn,LangOut)

GoogleTranslate(phrase,LangIn,LangOut)
{
base := "https://translate.google.com.tw/?hl=en&tab=wT#"
path := base . LangIn . "/" . LangOut . "/" . phrase
IE := ComObjCreate("InternetExplorer.Application")
;~ IE.Visible := true
IE.Navigate(path)

While IE.readyState!=4 || IE.document.readyState!="complete" || IE.busy
        Sleep 50

Result := IE.document.all.result_box.innertext
IE.Quit
return Result
}

; For transliterations use:

Result := IE.document.getElementById("src-translit").innertext

or

Result := IE.document.all["src-translit"].innertext

Google Translate Query Parameters

HTTP request
POST https://translation.googleapis.com/language/translate/v2
- sl - source language code (auto for autodetection)tl - translation language
- q - source text / word
- ie - input encoding (a guess)
- oe - output encoding (a guess)
- dt - may be included more than once and specifies what to return in the reply.

Here are some values for dt. If the value is set, the following data will be returned:

t - translation of source text
at - alternate translations
rm - transcription / transliteration of source and translated texts
bd - dictionary, in case source text is one word (you get translations with articles, reverse translations, etc.)
md - definitions of source text, if it's one word
ss - synonyms of source text, if it's one word
ex - examples
rw - See also list.
client t probably represents the standalone google translate web app (as opposed to a mobile app, or the widget that pops up if you google search "translate")
sl is source language
tl is translate language (the language you want to translate into)
srcrom seems to be present when the source text has no spelling suggestions

sl:auto
tl:sk
hl:sk //language of the interface (default:en, you can try xx-bork or xx-hacker)
dt:ld - ?
dt:qc - ?
dt:rm - ?
dt:ss - ?
dt:sw - ?
ie:UTF-8 // encoding of the input (default: utf-8)
oe:UTF-8 // encoding of the output, the results (default: utf-8)
otf:1 - ?
srcrom:1 - ?
ssel:3 - ?
tsel:0 - ?

https://translate.google.com/translate_a/single?client=t&sl=en&tl=it&hl=en&dt=bd&dt=ex&dt=ld&dt=md&dt=qca&dt=rw&dt=rm&dt=ss&dt=t&dt=at&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&otf=1&ssel=0&tsel=0&kc=1&tk=685310.807246&q=c

`q`	`string` Required The input text to translate. Repeat this parameter to perform translation operations on multiple text inputs.
`target`	`string` Required The language to use for translation of the input text, set to one of the language codes listed in Language Support.
`format`	`string` The format of the source text, in either HTML (default) or plain-text. A value of `html` indicates HTML and a value of `text` indicates plain-text.
`source`	`string` The language of the source text, set to one of the language codes listed in Language Support. If the source language is not specified, the API will attempt to detect the source language automatically and return it within the response.
`model`	`string` The translation model. Can be either `base` to use the Phrase-Based Machine Translation (PBMT) model, or `nmt` to use the Neural Machine Translation (NMT) model. If omitted, then `nmt` is used. If the model is `nmt`, and the requested language translation pair is not supported for the NMT model, then the request is translated using the `base` model.
	`string` `key` A valid API key to handle requests for this API. If you are using OAuth 2.0 service account credentials (recommended), do not supply this parameter. Yandex does not provides alignment information either, but unofficially it does, even in the paid service.If you send "options=4" in the query string of the url it returns alignment information.

Monday, December 4, 2017

ATTACHING A LOCAL TERMBASE IN MULTERM

LOADING XDT FILES TO CREATE THE TERMBASE

Download the zipped file from the FTP site (or save the copy received via e-mail). Unzip the files (XDT and XML) of the termbase to your local drive.

In MultiTerm, go to Termbase > Create Termbase. Browse to the folder you want to save the termbase in, give it a name and click Save. MultiTerm will take you through the Termbase Wizard:

· Step 1: Select Load an existing termbase definition file and click Browse. Navigate to the folder where you have saved the unzipped files, select the XDT file and click Open.

· Step 2: Enter a descriptive name for the new termbase.

· Step 3 and 4: Do not change any settings for the index fields, descriptive fields and entry structure.

· Click Finish to close the wizard.

You will now need to import all entries form the XML file.

IMPORTING XML FILES

MultiTerm iX / 7 / 2007

Go to Termbase > Import Entries. Select Default import definition and click Process. Click Browse and navigate to the folder where you have saved the unzipped files, select the XML file and click OK.

Make sure you select Fast import (import file is fully compliant with MultiTerm XML) in the import wizard and click Next until the import starts.

MultiTerm 2009

Select the Catalog view from the bottom left corner and right-click Import. Select Process. Click Browse and navigate to the folder where you have saved the unzipped files, select the XML file and click OK.

Make sure you select Fast import (import file is fully compliant with MultiTerm XML) in the import wizard and click Next until the import starts.

Monday, November 20, 2017

Pass command line arguments to vbs script

Each argument passed via command line can be accessed with: Wscript.Arguments.Item(0) Where the zero is the argument number: ie, 0, 1, 2, 3 etc.
So in your code you could have:

strFolder = Wscript.Arguments.Item(0) 

Set FSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set File = FSO.OpenTextFile(strFolder, 2, True)
File.Write "testing"
File.Close
Set File = Nothing
Set FSO = Nothing
Set workFolder = Nothing

Using wscript.arguments.count, you can error trap in case someone doesn't enter the proper value.

Inside of VBS you can access parameters with

Wscript.Arguments(0)
Wscript.Arguments(1)

and so on. The number of parameter:

Wscript.Arguments.Count

My Romanian AHK Hotstrings

:pstr::posterioară
::nnldi::nu necesită lucrări de întreţinere
::uccd::utilizare conformă cu destinaţia
::îpi::îmbinări prin înşurubare
::dfr::diferenţă
::iada::în afară de aceasta
::cdci::Camera de Comerţ şi Industrie
::lbrt::lubrifiant
::mmda::mai mult decât atât
::cdt::cureaua de transmisie
::cfd::cu funcţie de
::tssr::trebuie să se realizeze
::cpp::căsuţa poştală
::ncrs::necorespunzătoare
::ctr::controlaţi
::vcap::vezi capitolul
::capl::capitolul
::vtab::vezi tabelul
::vpag::vezi pagina
::vpct::vezi punctul
::mdul::manualul de utilizare
::isfc::insuficient
::pds::piese de schimb
::rfr::referinţă
::lds::lucrări de sudură
::inp::întrerupător
::cmt::comutator
::uhdr::ulei hidraulic
::licr::lichid de răcire
::vnt::ventilator
::cdtt::cureaua de transmisie trapezoidală
::odf::ore de funcţionare
::pnlo::până la opritor
::fdi::frână de imobilizare
::vdd::viteză de deplasare
::pcp::pe cât posibil
::pprs::suprapresiune
::bprs::subpresiune
::cdvc::contract de vânzare-cumpărare
::iocz::în orice caz
::sdf::starea de funcţionare
::utj::utilajul
::utji::utilajului
::dtă::datorită
::frs::fereastră
::elc::electrică
::inţ::înălţime
::ddrcc::departamentul de relaţii cu clienţii
::crţ::curăţaţi
::dam::din acest motiv
::spc::serviciul pentru clienţi
::eld::elicoidal
::cesic::cu excepţia situaţiei în care
::cex::cu excepţia
::pvdpp::proces verbal de predare-primire
::pv::proces verbal
::odug::oprire de urgenţă
::invt::învăţământ
::acafda::aşa cum a fost descris anterior
::utz::utilizaţi
::utr::utilizator
::pna::până acum
::ihdr::instalaţie hidraulică
::ipnu::instalaţie pneumatică
::isţ::instalaţie
::dsf::desprăfuire
::tdc::tablou de comandă
::ppif::prima punere în funcţiune
::fig::figura
::nr::numărul
::iprs::înaltă presiune
::dlg::de lângă
::pinz::preîncălzire
::pzif::punerea zilnică în funcţiune
::ldil::lucrările de întreţinere
::eltc::electronic
::rslt::responsabilitate
::ddtcc::dispozitiv de tracţiune cu cablu
::pce::protecţie contra exploziilor
::ddtccl::dispozitivul de tracţiune cu cablu
::mdr::mecanism de rulare
::mdrl::mecanismul de rulare
::iom::în orice moment
::rpif::repunerea în funcţiune
::isţi::instalaţiei
::dcicm::din ce în ce mai
::idu::instrucţiuni de utilizare
::pidu::prezentele instrucţiuni de utilizare
::bbl::biblioraft
::misdf::menţinere în stare de funcţionare
::cmrp::cât mai repede posibil
::fci::faptului că
::pci::protecţie contra incendiilor
::cuxsic::cu excepţia situaţiei în care
::mdd::mesaj de diagnosticare
::mdav::mesaj de avertizare
::mda::mesaj de alarmă
::mde::mesaj de eroare
::p/or::pornire / oprire
::p/ot::pornit / oprit
::vnom::valoare nominală
::vreal::valoare reală
::vlim::valoare limită
::denr::dacă este necesar
::gdm::gradul de murdărire
::pdso::piese de schimb originale
::dmmo::de mai multe ori
::ipi::în partea inferioară
::ips::în partea superioară
::dpdp::deplasarea pe drumurile publice
::vpoz::vezi poziţia
::vfig::vezi figura
::tama::temperatura mediului ambiant
::icdi::în caz de incendiu
::sgt::săgeată
::dec::dacă este cazul
::aux::auxiliar
::dep::dacă este posibil
::inox::oţel inoxidabil
::alic::acest lucru înseamnă că
::fncz::funcţionează
::iccu::în cele ce urmează
::aco::aer comprimat
::pia::până în anul
::ubuc::Universitatea Bucureşti
::unv::universitate
::guvr::Guvernul României
::comeur::Comisia Europeană
::hotguv::Hotărâre de Guvern
::oug::ordonanţă de urgenţă
::oduag::Ordonanţă de Urgenţă a Guvernului
::mined::Ministerul Educaţiei
::igr::îngrăşământ
::igre::îngrăşăminte
::itz::întârziere
::tmz::temporizator
::regcom::Registrul Comerţului
::iodt::încă o dată
::mtz::monitorizare
::evt::eventual
::dacp::dacă
::vimg::vezi imaginea
::pdacc::pericol de accidentare
::cbr::coborâre
::bns::bineînţeles
::jmt::jumătate
::acedii::aşa cum este descris în imagine
::stg::stânga
::ptr::pentru
::drc::deoarece
::drt::dreapta
::sgr::siguranţă
::vrf::verificaţi
::ivd::în valoare de
::icd::în calitate de
::bnf::beneficiar
::exc::executant
::pst::prestator
::lng::longitudinal
::tsv::transversal

::inf::informaţii
::vrt::verticală
::agr::antreprenor general
::vrgp::părţi contractante
::pcon::prezentul contract
::srb::şuruburi
::srz::se realizează
::îcd::închidere
::dcd::deschidere
::rdf::regimul de funcţionare
::rdfi::regimului de funcţionare
::radf::regimul automat de funcţionare
::rmdf::regimul manual de funcţionare
::rndf::regimul normal de funcţionare
::rdfdr::regimul de funcţionare de reglare
::dtr::deteriorări
::msr::măsurare
::prs::presiune
::iadt::introducere a datelor
::odco::ori de câte ori
::rpm::rotaţii pe minut
::icam::în cadrul acestui meniu
::cdiad::câmp de introducere a datelor
::inj::injecţie
::plv::pulverizare
::ult::ulterioară
::scd::secunde
::sda::stare de aşteptare
::ipda::în poziţie de aşteptare
::dcmmo::de cele mai multe ori
::sdr::se deplasează
::cdaad::câmp de afişare a datelor
::psb::posibilitate
::msm::mai sus menţionat
::spt::săptămână
::arond::@
::rmn::România
::sdacee::sursa de alimentare cu energie electrică
::acee::alimentare cu energie electrică
::enel::energie electrică
::lgt::legătură
::cmb::combustibil
::iat::în acelaşi timp
::iast::în acest timp
::idt::interval de timp
::attc::atât timp cât
::itu::în timpul utilizării
::itf::în timpul funcţionării
::itd::în timpul deplasării
::atpc::atât timp, până când
::itp::în timpul
::ditp::din timpul
::itc::în timp ce
::hrz::orizontală
::poz::poziţie
::tdlg::Traducere din limba germană
::tdlgilr::Traducere din limba germană în limba română
::tdle::Traducere din limba engleză
::tdleilr::Traducere din limba engleză în limba română
::pmdu::prezentul manual de utilizare
::iccp::în ceea ce priveşte
::incl::inclusiv
::cmdn::comandă numerică
::pdp::piesa de prelucrat
::cnc::control numeric computerizat
::plg::pe lângă
::imbd::îmbinări dinţate
::dthn::date tehnologice
::pdop::pe de o parte
::pdap::pe de altă parte
::indv::individual
::ifdn::în funcţie de necesităţi
::gdu::gradul de uzură
::pdu::piese de uzură
::vrfz::verificaţi vizual
::şaa::şi altele asemănătoare
::saa::sau altele asemănătoare
::antr::anterioară
::ori de câte ori::ori de câte ori
::apx::aproximativ
::ldc::lucrări de curăţenie
::ldm::lucrări de montare
::nfd::niciun fel de
::icmmc::în cele mai multe cazuri
::sfd::sub formă de
::hxg::hexagonal
::ico::în conditii optime
::scc::societatea comercială
::idsdc::întrerupătorul de sfârşit de cursă
::lcd::cu cristale lichide
::ldi::lucrări de întreţinere
::ldr::lucrări de reparaţii
::mdu::manual de utilizare
::mdul::manualul de utilizare
::mduli::manualului de utilizare
::vdrt::valoarea de referinţă teoretică
::tsg::taste săgeată
::sgs::săgeată în sus
::tet::tasta Enter
::intt::întreţinere
::rpr::reparaţii
::bibl::bibliotecă
::tmp::temperatură
::obs::observaţie
::prc::principal
::prd::producţie
::inz::încălzire
::img::imaginea
::pnu::pneumatică
::spr::supraveghere
::lbr::lubrifiere
::prt::protecţie
::ncs::necesară
::cst::construcţie
::fnc::funcţionare
::rsp::respectiv
::rsl::responsabil
::nco::niciodată
::sfc::suficient
::infr::inferioară
::supr::superioară
::dsp::dispozitiv
::dspl::dispozitivul
::spl::suplimentar
::ext::exterior
::int::interior
::exta::exterioară
::inta::interioară
::hdr::hidraulică
::dug::de urgenţă
::inuc::în niciun caz
::i/d::încărcare / descărcare
::ivd::în valoare de
::iass::în acest sens
::iasp::în acest scop
::ict::în continuare
::pif::punerea în funcţiune
::isdf::în stare de funcţionare
::isdr::în stare de repaus
::prm::protecţia muncii
::icds::în condiţii de siguranţă
::isn::în sens negativ
::isp::în sens pozitiv
::SRL::societate cu răspundere limitată
::dsm::de asemenea
::icdu::în caz de urgenţă
::cux::cu excepţia
::itt::întotdeauna
::icfc::în conformitate cu
::dvs::dumneavoastră
::lir::la intervale regulate
::pş::precum şi
::lumd::la un moment dat
::cuaj::cu ajutorul
::imc::împreună cu
::pnil::prin intermediul
::crs::corespunzător
::crse::corespunzătoare
::aafc::acordaţi atenţie faptului că
::tsaafc::trebuie să acordaţi atenţie faptului că
::icr::în considerare
::sdsd::Stimaţi domni şi doamne
::ssi::Semnătură indescifrabilă
::sssi::Ştampilă şi semnătură indescifrabilă
::isadc::în sensul acelor de ceasornic
::isiaadc::în sensul invers al acelor de ceasornic
::icic::în cazul în care
::isic::în situaţia în care
::icdn::în caz de necesitate
::icl::în cadrul
::dicl::din cadrul
::icz::în cazul
::ilc::în legătură cu
::s/s::şi / sau
::s/j::sus / jos
::s/d::stânga / dreapta
::i/i::înainte / înapoi
::iac::în acest caz
::iczc::în caz contrar
::îoc::în orice caz
::imic::în măsura în care
::ifd::în funcţie de
::samd::şi aşa mai departe
::imex::în mod expres
::imu::în mod uniform
::imncr::în mod necorespunzător
::imcr::în mod corespunzător
::ima::în mod automat
::îmm::în mod manual
::imsn::în mod simultan
::imsr::în mod suplimentar
::imo::în mod obligatoriu
::imct::în mod constant
::ime::în mod exclusiv
::iddd::în directă dependenţă de
::pcd::până când
::pnl::până la
::a,î::astfel, încât
::,r::, respectiv
::rfg::Republica Federală Germania
::atc::atunci când
::dcic::din când în când
::trb::trebuie
::trbs::trebuie să
::ipr::în primul rând
::iadr::în al doilea rând
::dcl::de culoare
::dex::de exemplu
::dpdv::din punct de vedere
::cpl::cu privire la
::crl::cu referire la
::ld::la dispoziţie
::fc::faptul că
::ptrc::pentru că
::aî::astfel încât
::dcu::după cum urmează
::icp::începând cu
::s-t::scurt-circuit
::grd::°
::tpz::trapezoidal
::vcor::vătămări corporale
::isdu::în situaţii de urgenţă
::prg::paragraf
::aln::alineat
::ism::însămânţare
::tsp::transport
::frt::fertilizant
::supmag::supapă electromagnetică
::mgn::magnetic
::pudc::pupitru de comandă
::pudcl::pupitrul de comandă
::ddc::dispozitiv de comandă
::ddcl::dispozitivul de comandă
::pdc::panou de comandă
::pdcl::panoul de comandă
::adc::aparat de comandă
::adcl::aparatul de comandă
::udcl::unitatea de comandă
::udc::unitate de comandă
::udca::unitatea de comandă
::udci::unităţii de comandă
::acd::aer condiţionat
::fv::fotovoltaic
::ilm::iluminare
::cdif::cod de identificare fiscală
::ndiirc::număr de înregistrare în Registrul Comerţului
::cnp::cod numeric personal
::sinc::sincronizare
::ndi::număr de înmatriculare
::cdf::convertizor de frecvenţă
::matp::material plastic
::ong::organizaţie non-guvernamentală
::alm::alimentare
::fnz::funcţionează
::cdps::contract de prestări servicii
::km::kilometri
::asv::a se vedea
::vsz::vâscozitate
::alic::acest lucru înseamnă că
::aes::aerisire
::cca::circa
::clb::calibrare
::pms::punct mort superior
::pmi::punct mort inferior
::vzl::vizualizare
::icc::încărcare
::dcc::descărcare
::imd::îmbinare dinţată
::vhc::vehicul
::avhc::autovehicul
::svd::servodirecţie
::uv::ultraviolete
::ruv::raze ultraviolete
::vrslicu::Vă rugăm să luaţi în considerare următoarele
::pagm::pagube materiale
::opţ::opţional
::prp::propoziţia
::anj::angajat
::anjr::angajator
::acm::acumulator
::lcm::locomotivă
::tsf::transformator
::irs::iresproşabil
::jdt::judeţul
::cnf::configurare
::clm::climatizare
::imb::îmbrăcăminte
::îct::încălţăminte
::vnz::vânzător
::cmp::cumpărător
::mtr::material
::pdv::piesa de verificat
::alu::aluminiu

::nbs::
Send % Chr(160)
Return
::g1::„
::g2::”
::gs1::«
::gs2::»
::+-::±
::sk::ș
::skm::Ș
::tk::ț
::tkm::Ț
::sq::`
::bks::\
::pp1::[
::pp2::]
::m1::<
::m2::>
::ac1::
SendRaw {
Return
::ac2::
SendRaw }
Return

Thursday, November 16, 2017

HTML Codes Table

Standard ASCII set, HTML Entity names, ISO 10646, ISO 8879, ISO 8859-1 Latin alphabet No. 1
Browser support: All browsers

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47	20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F	! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . /	! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . /	" &	space exclamation point double quotes number sign dollar sign percent sign ampersand single quote opening parenthesis closing parenthesis asterisk plus sign comma minus sign - hyphen period slash

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63	30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F	0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ?	0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ?	< >	zero one two three four five six seven eight nine colon semicolon less than sign equal sign greater than sign question mark

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79	40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F	@ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O	@ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O		at symbol

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95	50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F	P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _	P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _		opening bracket backslash closing bracket caret - circumflex underscore

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111	60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 6A 6B 6C 6D 6E 6F	` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o	` a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o		grave accent

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127	70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 7A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F	p q r s t u v w x y z { \| } ~	p q r s t u v w x y z { \| } ~		opening brace vertical bar closing brace equivalency sign - tilde (not defined in HTML 4 standard)

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143	80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F				(not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard)

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159	90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F				(not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard) (not defined in HTML 4 standard)

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175	A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 AA AB AC AD AE AF	¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¬ ® ¯	¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¬ ® ¯	¡ ¢ £ ¤ ¥ ¦ § ¨ © ª « ¬ ® ¯	non-breaking space inverted exclamation mark cent sign pound sign currency sign yen sign broken vertical bar section sign spacing diaeresis - umlaut copyright sign feminine ordinal indicator left double angle quotes not sign soft hyphen registered trade mark sign spacing macron - overline

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191	B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 BA BB BC BD BE BF	° ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿	° ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿	° ± ² ³ ´ µ ¶ · ¸ ¹ º » ¼ ½ ¾ ¿	degree sign plus-or-minus sign superscript two - squared superscript three - cubed acute accent - spacing acute micro sign pilcrow sign - paragraph sign middle dot - Georgian comma spacing cedilla superscript one masculine ordinal indicator right double angle quotes fraction one quarter fraction one half fraction three quarters inverted question mark

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207	C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 CA CB CC CD CE CF	À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï	À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï	À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï	latin capital letter A with grave latin capital letter A with acute latin capital letter A with circumflex latin capital letter A with tilde latin capital letter A with diaeresis latin capital letter A with ring above latin capital letter AE latin capital letter C with cedilla latin capital letter E with grave latin capital letter E with acute latin capital letter E with circumflex latin capital letter E with diaeresis latin capital letter I with grave latin capital letter I with acute latin capital letter I with circumflex latin capital letter I with diaeresis

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223	D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 DA DB DC DD DE DF	Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß	Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß	Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö × Ø Ù Ú Û Ü Ý Þ ß	latin capital letter ETH latin capital letter N with tilde latin capital letter O with grave latin capital letter O with acute latin capital letter O with circumflex latin capital letter O with tilde latin capital letter O with diaeresis multiplication sign latin capital letter O with slash latin capital letter U with grave latin capital letter U with acute latin capital letter U with circumflex latin capital letter U with diaeresis latin capital letter Y with acute latin capital letter THORN latin small letter sharp s - ess-zed

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239	E0 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 EA EB EC ED EE EF	à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï	à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï	à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï	latin small letter a with grave latin small letter a with acute latin small letter a with circumflex latin small letter a with tilde latin small letter a with diaeresis latin small letter a with ring above latin small letter ae latin small letter c with cedilla latin small letter e with grave latin small letter e with acute latin small letter e with circumflex latin small letter e with diaeresis latin small letter i with grave latin small letter i with acute latin small letter i with circumflex latin small letter i with diaeresis

ASCII			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255	F0 F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 FA FB FC FD FE FF	ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ý þ ÿ	ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ý þ ÿ	ð ñ ò ó ô õ ö ÷ ø ù ú û ü ý þ ÿ	latin small letter eth latin small letter n with tilde latin small letter o with grave latin small letter o with acute latin small letter o with circumflex latin small letter o with tilde latin small letter o with diaeresis division sign latin small letter o with slash latin small letter u with grave latin small letter u with acute latin small letter u with circumflex latin small letter u with diaeresis latin small letter y with acute latin small letter thorn latin small letter y with diaeresis

HTML 4.01, ISO 10646, ISO 8879, Latin extended A and B,
Browser support: Internet Explorer > 4, Netscape > 4

			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

338 339 352 353 376 402	152 153 160 161 178 192	Œ œ Š š Ÿ ƒ	Œ œ Š š Ÿ ƒ		latin capital letter OE latin small letter oe latin capital letter S with caron latin small letter s with caron latin capital letter Y with diaeresis latin small f with hook - function

			HTML	HTML
Dec	Hex	Symbol	Number	Name

8211 8212 8216 8217 8218 8220 8221 8222 8224 8225 8226 8230 8240 8364 8482	2013 2014 2018 2019 201A 201C 201D 201E 2020 2021 2022 2026 2030 20AC 2122	– — ‘ ’ ‚ “ ” „ † ‡ • … ‰ € ™	– — ‘ ’ ‚ “ ” „ † ‡ • … ‰ € ™	€	en dash em dash left single quotation mark right single quotation mark single low-9 quotation mark left double quotation mark right double quotation mark double low-9 quotation mark dagger double dagger bullet horizontal ellipsis per thousand sign euro sign trade mark sign

Character	ALT Code*	Character	ALT Code*	Character	ALT Code*	Character	ALT Code*	Character	ALT Code*
☺	Alt 1	A	Alt 65	ü	Alt 129	┼	Alt 197	ˆ	Alt 0136
☻	Alt 2	B	Alt 66	é	Alt 130	╞	Alt 198	‰	Alt 0137
♥	Alt 3	C	Alt 67	â	Alt 131	╟	Alt 199	Š	Alt 0138
♦	Alt 4	D	Alt 68	ä	Alt 132	╚	Alt 200	‹	Alt 0139
♣	Alt 5	E	Alt 69	à	Alt 133	╔	Alt 201	Œ	Alt 0140
♠	Alt 6	F	Alt 70	å	Alt 134	╩	Alt 202		Alt 0141
•	Alt 7	G	Alt 71	ç	Alt 135	╦	Alt 203	Ž	Alt 0142
◘	Alt 8	H	Alt 72	ê	Alt 136	╠	Alt 204	‘	Alt 0145
○	Alt 9	I	Alt 73	ë	Alt 137	═	Alt 205	’	Alt 0146
◙	Alt 10	J	Alt 74	è	Alt 138	╬	Alt 206	“	Alt 0147
♂	Alt 11	K	Alt 75	ï	Alt 139	╧	Alt 207	”	Alt 0148
♀	Alt 12	L	Alt 76	î	Alt 140	╨	Alt 208	–	Alt 0150
♪	Alt 13	M	Alt 77	ì	Alt 141	╤	Alt 209	—	Alt 0151
♫	Alt 14	N	Alt 78	æ	Alt 145	╥	Alt 210	˜	Alt 0152
☼	Alt 15	O	Alt 79	Æ	Alt 146	╙	Alt 211	™	Alt 0153
►	Alt 16	P	Alt 80	ô	Alt 147	╘	Alt 212	š	Alt 0154
◄	Alt 17	Q	Alt 81	ö	Alt 148	╒	Alt 213	›	Alt 0155
↕	Alt 18	R	Alt 82	ò	Alt 149	╓	Alt 214	œ	Alt 0156
‼	Alt 19	S	Alt 83	û	Alt 150	╫	Alt 215	ž	Alt 0158
¶	Alt 20	T	Alt 84	ù	Alt 151	╪	Alt 216	Ÿ	Alt 0159
§	Alt 21	U	Alt 85	ÿ	Alt 152	┘	Alt 217	¤	Alt 0164
▬	Alt 22	V	Alt 86	¢	Alt 155	┌	Alt 218	¦	Alt 0166
↨	Alt 23	W	Alt 87	£	Alt 156	█	Alt 219	¨	Alt 0168
↑	Alt 24	X	Alt 88	¥	Alt 157	▄	Alt 220	©	Alt 0169
↓	Alt 25	Y	Alt 89	₧	Alt 158	▌	Alt 221	®	Alt 0174
→	Alt 26	Z	Alt 90	ƒ	Alt 159	▐	Alt 222	¯	Alt 0175
←	Alt 27	[	Alt 91	á	Alt 160	▀	Alt 223	³	Alt 0179
∟	Alt 28	\	Alt 92	í	Alt 161	α	Alt 224	´	Alt 0180
↔	Alt 29	]	Alt 93	ó	Alt 162	ß	Alt 225	¸	Alt 0184
▲	Alt 30	^	Alt 94	ú	Alt 163	Γ	Alt 226	U	Alt 0185
▼	Alt 31	_	Alt 95	ñ	Alt 164	π	Alt 227	¾	Alt 0190
	Alt 32	`	Alt 96	Ñ	Alt 165	Σ	Alt 228	À	Alt 0192
!	Alt 33	a	Alt 97	ª	Alt 166	σ	Alt 229	Á	Alt 0193
"	Alt 34	b	Alt 98	º	Alt 167	µ	Alt 230	Â	Alt 0194
#	Alt 35	c	Alt 99	¿	Alt 168	τ	Alt 231	Ã	Alt 0195
$	Alt 36	d	Alt 100	⌐	Alt 169	Φ	Alt 232	Ä	Alt 0196
%	Alt 37	e	Alt 101	¬	Alt 170	Θ	Alt 233	Å	Alt 0197
&	Alt 38	f	Alt 102	½	Alt 171	Ω	Alt 234	È	Alt 0200
'	Alt 39	g	Alt 103	¼	Alt 172	δ	Alt 235	É	Alt 0201
(	Alt 40	h	Alt 104	¡	Alt 173	∞	Alt 236	Ê	Alt 0202
)	Alt 41	i	Alt 105	«	Alt 174	φ	Alt 237	Ë	Alt 0203
*	Alt 42	j	Alt 106	»	Alt 175	ε	Alt 238	Ì	Alt 0204
+	Alt 43	k	Alt 107	░	Alt 176	∩	Alt 239	Í	Alt 0205
,	Alt 44	l	Alt 108	▒	Alt 177	≡	Alt 240	Î	Alt 0206
-	Alt 45	m	Alt 109	▓	Alt 178	±	Alt 241	Ï	Alt 0207
.	Alt 46	n	Alt 110	│	Alt 179	≥	Alt 242	Ð	Alt 0208
/	Alt 47	o	Alt 111	┤	Alt 180	≤	Alt 243	Ò	Alt 0210
0	Alt 48	p	Alt 112	╡	Alt 181	⌠	Alt 244	Ó	Alt 0211
1	Alt 49	q	Alt 113	╢	Alt 182	⌡	Alt 245	Ô	Alt 0212
2	Alt 50	r	Alt 114	╖	Alt 183	÷	Alt 246	Õ	Alt 0213
3	Alt 51	s	Alt 115	╕	Alt 184	≈	Alt 247	Ö	Alt 0214
4	Alt 52	t	Alt 116	╣	Alt 185	°	Alt 248	×	Alt 0215
5	Alt 53	u	Alt 117	║	Alt 186	•	Alt 249	Ø	Alt 0216
6	Alt 54	v	Alt 118	╗	Alt 187	·	Alt 250	Ù	Alt 0217
7	Alt 55	w	Alt 119	╝	Alt 188	√	Alt 251	Ú	Alt 0218
8	Alt 56	x	Alt 120	╜	Alt 189	ⁿ	Alt 252	Û	Alt 0219
9	Alt 57	y	Alt 121	╛	Alt 190	²	Alt 253	Ü	Alt 0220
:	Alt 58	z	Alt 122	┐	Alt 191	■	Alt 254	Ý	Alt 0221
;	Alt 59	{	Alt 123	└	Alt 192	€	Alt 0128	Þ	Alt 0222
<	Alt 60	\|	Alt 124	┴	Alt 193	„	Alt 0132	ã	Alt 0227
=	Alt 61	}	Alt 125	┬	Alt 194	…	Alt 0133	ð	Alt 0240
>	Alt 62	~	Alt 126	├	Alt 195	†	Alt 0134	ý	Alt 0253
?	Alt 63	⌂	Alt 127	─	Alt 196	‡	Alt 0135	þ	Alt 0254
@	Alt 64	Ç	Alt 128

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