Terminology for Romanian translators

EU Terminology

• Style Guide (IER, Vth edition, 2008)
• Interinstitutional Style Guide
• List of Directorates-General and Services of the European Commission
• EESC Glossary (FR-EN-RO)
• Institutions, bodies, interinstitutional services, agencies and executive agencies of the EU
• List of EU Agencies
• List of States and Territories
• Antidumping Terminology (EN-RO)
• Audit Terminology (EN-RO)
• European Councils (EN-RO)
• European Institute of Romania (IER) database
• IATE database (Interactive Terminology for Europe)
• EUR-Lex (EU Law)
• Treaties and consolidated versions (EUR-Lex)
• CCVista Translation Database
• PreLex
• The Office for Official Publications of the European Communities
• Integrated Customs Tariff of the European Communities (TARIC)
• Tariful Vamal Integrat Român (TARIR)
• CELEX Numbers 
• Trade glossary (EN-FR-RO)  

Document Models

• Legislative Financial Statement
• Legislative Financial Statement for proposals having a budgetary impact exclusively limited to the revenue side
• LegisWrite templates in Word format in TWB import format (EN-RO)

Guides for freelance translators

• Joint Practical Guide for persons involved in the drafting of legislation (all languages)
• Guide for freelance translators
• Manual of precedents for acts established within the Council of the European Union
• Freelance Translation Checklist

75 Open Source Tools

Open Source Tools: Audio/Music

1 Amarok Replaces: iTunes
This audio player lets you listen to music, creates playlists, displays lyrics and cover art, and integrates with a number of Web services. The interface seems a little text-heavy, but easy to use, though not as attractive as iTunes. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
2 Songbird Replaces: iTunes
You can't use Songbird on your iPhone or iPad, but you can use it on your PC or smartphone to set up playlists, listen to audio, stream video, and more. It also notifies users of upcoming concerts and allows you to purchase tickets right from the app. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Backup

3 Areca Backup Replaces: Norton Ghost
This simple yet flexible backup manager offers both compression and encryption capabilities, and it archives files locally, over a network, or online via FTP or FTPS. It offers most of the same features as Ghost, except it doesn't integrate with a full security suite, and it doesn't support Blu-Ray. Operating System: Windows, Linux.

Open Source Tools: Browsers

4 Chrome Replaces: Internet Explorer
The big advantage Google's browser offers over the one from Microsoft is speed. It's fast to start up, fast to load pages, and fast to run Web apps. Unlike other browsers, it uses a combination Web address/search bar and simplifies the browsing experience in other ways as well. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
5 Firefox Replaces:
While not as fast as Chrome, Firefox offer faster performance than Internet Explorer, as well as excellent security features. It includes a lot of personalization features and more than 6,000 add-ons so that you can make your browser work the way you want it to. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Compression

6 7-zip Replaces: WinZip
While WinZip offers a fancier interface and more menu options, 7-zip lets you create 7z files with a higher compression rate, which means it creates smaller files. 7-zip also reads and writes WinZip files, as well as a number of other popular compression formats. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
7 PeaZip Replaces: WinZip
Unlike WinZip, PeaZip can save files in seven different formats and reads an astounding 123 different compressed file types. It also includes strong encryption capabilities. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Content Management

8 Alfresco Replaces: Sharepoint
Like SharePoint, Alfresco combines document management, web content management, records management, image management, and a content repository. In addition to the free community edition, it's also available as an enterprise subscription with support. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
9 MindTouch Replaces: Sharepoint, IBM Lotus
Forrester research has called MindTouch the "Best product alternative to Microsoft Sharepoint and IBM Lotus." The Core edition is available for free, while the commercial Standard, Enterprise, and Cloud editions add more features. Operating System: Windows, Linux.

Open Source Tools: Customer Relationship Management (CRM)

10 SugarCRM Replaces: SalesForce.com
Like SalesForce.com, SugarCRM is cloud-based and combines sales, marketing, customer service and reporting features. While the free community edition include basic functionality, in order to use the more advanced features, you'll need to pay for a subscription to the professional or enterprise edition. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Database

11 Firebird Replaces: Microsoft SQL Server, others
It's not as well-known as MySQL (see below), but Firebird also provides an alternative to commercial closed-source RBDMSs. First developed in 1981, it offers a mature, stable code base, but doesn't have corporate backing like MySQL. Operating System: Windows, Linux/Unix, OS X, Solaris.
12 Kexi Replaces: Microsoft Access
Making no secret of it's intended competition, Kexi's Web site boldly proclaims it "Microsoft Access for Linux." In fact, Kexi offers all of the same features and functionality as Access, and it's also available for Windows and OS X, as well as Linux. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
13 MySQL Replaces: Microsoft SQL Server, others
Downloaded or distributed more than 100 million times, MySQL (now owned by Oracle) is the most popular open source database software in the world. It's used by a number of well-known companies, including Yahoo!, Alcatel-Lucent, Google, Nokia, YouTube, and Zappos.com. Operating System: Windows, Linux, Unix, OS X

Open Source Tools: Desktop Publishing

14 Scribus Replaces: InDesign, QuarkXPress, Microsoft Office Publisher
While most desktop publishing programs cost a lot of money, Scribus offers professional layout features like CMYK color separations, Spot Colors, ICC color management, and PDF creation—all for free. However, because of the complexity involved in desktop publishing, Scribus cannot open or edit files created with similar programs. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: E-mail/Collaboration/Groupware

15 Collabtive Replaces: Basecamp
This cloud-based Web app includes project management, instant messaging, file and document management, timetracking, and reporting. It also imports Basecamp files, and if you don't want to host it yourself, you can purchase hosting and other services from Collabtive. Operating System: OS Independent.
16 Evolution Replaces: Microsoft Office Outlook
Often called "the Outlook of Linux," Evolution combines e-mail, calendar, and addressbook capabilities. However, this app only works with the Linux Gnome desktop. Operating System: Linux.
17 Group-Office Replaces: Microsoft Office Outlook
Group-Office includes a calendar, file sharing, basic CRM capabilities, e-mail, project management, and some billing features. In addition to the free community version, Group-Office also offers a paid professional version, which adds synchronization with mobile phones and Outlook, and a hosted version. Operating System: OS Independent.
18 phpGroupWare Replaces: Microsoft Office Outlook, Sharepoint
This GNU project includes more than 50 applications, most notably e-mail, shared calendar, contact management, Web content management, document management, and project management. It scales for small groups and large enterprises. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
19 Thunderbird Replaces: Microsoft Office Outlook
The Thunderbird e-mail client boasts tabbed browsing and easy search—much like the Firefox browser also made by Mozilla. Unlike Outlook, this app only includes e-mail capabilities, but if you want to add calendar functionality, you can add Mozilla's Lightning/Sunbird. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
20 Zimbra Replaces: Microsoft Exchange
Zimbra messaging and collaboration suite comes in desktop, server, and hosted Web client versions. It includes e-mail, contact management, shared calendaring, and voice communications capabilities. Operating System: Linux

Resource Planning (ERP)

21 Open ERP Replaces: SAP
With its modular design, Open ERP makes it easy to add just the functionality your company needs. The Web site also includes comparisons with other open-source ERP solutions, as well as SAP and Microsoft Dynamics. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
22 Openbravo Replaces: SAP
Web-based, Openbravo offers ERP functionality with a minimal upfront investment. While the community version source code is available for download, most enterprises purchase Openbravo as a hosted app from one of the Openbravo vendors. Operating System: OS Independent
23 ADempiere Replaces: SAP
With a very active community and developer group, ADempiere boasts more than the usual amount of documentation and resources for an open source project. However, it doesn't have quite as many features and isn't quite as polished as some of the other ERP solutions. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.

Open Source Tools: File Transfer

24 FileZilla Replaces: CuteFTP, FTP Commander
FileZilla allows users to send large files via regular FTP and the more secure FTPS and SFTP protocols. While the client version works with all operating systems, the server version only works on Windows. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
25 FireFTP Replaces: CuteFTP, FTP Commander
Downloaded more than 13 million times, FireFTP is a Firefox add-on that turns your browser into an FTP client. Like WinSCP (below), it only includes a client, no server software. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
26 WinSCP Replaces: CuteFTP, FTP Commander
For Windows only, WinSCP is an file transfer client only—that is, it allows you to download files securely, but does not allow you to set up your own FTP server. It supports FTP, SFTP, and SCP. Operating System: Windows.

Open Source Tools: Financial Management

27 Buddi Replaces: Quicken, Microsoft Money
Extremely simple, Buddi lacks many of the fancy features you'll find in commercial financial software. However, it's easy to use and lets you set up accounts and budgets, enter transactions, and run reports. Operating System: OS Independent
28 Money Manager Ex Replaces: Quicken, Microsoft Money
Although slightly more robust than Buddi, Money Manager still lacks the more attractive interface you'll find in Quicken or Money. However, it does offer the unique feature of allowing you to download the software to your PC and then access it via the Web on your phone or another PC. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
29 TurboCASH Replaces: QuickBooks
TurboCash invites small business owners to compare it to commercial accounting packages with a handy checklist that compares features. While it doesn't have some of the features you'll find in QuickBooks, like check printing and multi-currency capabilities, it offers some features its more well-known competitor doesn't have, like XML support and remote access. Operating System: Windows.

Open Source Tools: Games

30 FlightGear Replaces: Microsoft Flight Simulator X
With realistic worldwide terrain, more than 20,000 real airports, and lots of aircraft to choose from, FlightGear provides real competition to Microsoft's Flight Simulator, and it doesn't require as many system resources. In fact, it provides such realistic flight operations that it has been used by universities, aerospace companies, and the FAA for research. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
31 FreeCol Replaces: Civilization
FreeCol doesn't have the intense graphics of the newest versions of Civilization, but then again it doesn't require as much memory or CPU either. It offers a similar style of game play and a similar storyline as the popular series. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
32 Frets on Fire Replaces: Guitar Hero
Frets on Fire is so much like Guitar Hero that you can even import Guitar Hero songs. While you can use a guitar controller if you have one, you can also play the game with your keyboard. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
33 Secret Maryo Chronicles Replaces: Mario Bros. Games
If you've played any Mario Brothers game (and you know you have), you'll find this game very familiar. It has the sort of 2D graphics you might remember from a couple of decades ago, and you progress from level to level by running, jumping, collecting coins, etc. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
34 StepMania Replaces: Dance Dance Revolution
StepMania works a lot like Dance Dance Revolution. If you have dance pads, you can use them (or buy them from the site); otherwise, you use your fingers to tap the keyboard in rhythm to the music. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Gateway Security Appliances

35 Endian Firewall Community Replaces: Check Point Security Gateways, McAfee, SonicWall, others
Like the closed-source Unified Threat Management (UTM) appliances on the market, Endian combines anti-virus, anti-spam, firewall, intrusion detection, and other security functions into a single package. You can download the free community software to turn an old PC into a Linux-based appliance, or you can buy an appliance right from Endian. Operating System: Linux.
36 Untangle Replaces: Check Point Security Gateways, McAfee, SonicWall, others
Similar to Endian, Untangle combines a whole bunch of open-source apps for anti-virus, anti-spam, Web filetering, etc. With Untangle, you have three deployment options: as a router/UTM appliance on a separate PC, as a transparent bridge (if you already have a firewall/router), or as a software solution that runs in the background on any Windows PC connected to your network. Operating System: Windows, Linux.

Open Source Tools: Graphics/Drawing

37 Archimedes Replaces: AutoCAD
Like AutoCAD, Archimedes creates 2D and 3D design renderings, but Archimedes was designed primarily for architects. Thus, it's not as good for mechanical engineering, but does offer architects some benefits over AutoCAD. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
38 Dia Replaces: Visio
Dia creates diagrams—for flowcharts, org charts, and more. It doesn't have as many options for art work and styles of boxes as Visio, but it's good enough for most casual users. Operating System: Windows, Linux/Unix.
39 Gimp Replaces: Photoshop
Gimp makes it easy to edit photos and other images—just like you would with Photoshop. Suitable for professionals, it includes features like layers, gradients, photo enhancement, color manipulation, digital retouching, and much more. For the Windows installer, see Gimp-win. Operating System: Windows, Linux
40 Inkscape Replaces: Illustrator, CorelDraw
A vector drawing program, Inkscape offers professional-quality features (markers, clones, alpha blending, etc.) for graphic designers. The site now also features an open clip art gallery that you can use in your drawings. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
41 Paint.Net Replaces: Photoshop
While not quite as powerful as Photoshop and The Gimp, PaintNet offers many, many more capabilities than the Microsoft Paint utility it was originally intended to replace. It boasts an intuitive interface, layering capability, and many special effects. Operating System: Windows

Open Source Tools: Instant Messaging

42 Adium Replaces:AIM, Yahoo! Messenger, Windows Live Messenger
One of the best reasons to use an open-source IM client is that it lets you talk with friends on lots of different networks at once. Adium lets you connect with AIM, MSN, Jabber, Yahoo, and others from your Mac. Operating System: OS X
43 aMSN Replaces:Windows Live Messenger
This chat client works almost exactly like MSN Messenger (now known as Windows Live Messenger). Key features include offline messaging, custom emoticons, multi-language support, webcam support, tabbed windows, and more. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X
44 Pidgin Replaces: AIM, Yahoo! Messenger, Windows Live Messenger
One of the most popular open-source IM clients, Pidgin connects with 17 different chat networks. While the basic download doesn't offer some of the capabilities that the closed source IM clients have (for example, support for Facebook and Twitter), its large collection of plug-ins fills in most of the missing features. Operating System: Windows, Linux/Unix, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Mapping

45 WorldWind Replaces: desktop version for Windows only. Operating System: OS Independent

Open Source Tools: Office Productivity

46 AbiWord Replaces: Microsoft Word
The AbiWord word processor offers most of the features you use every day in Microsoft Word, and the interface looks a lot like the older versions of Word. It even opens and saves files in Word and WordPerfect formats. While it lacks some of the more sophisticated features, that means you can run it on an older system, and many of the more advanced features can be added as plug-ins if you really need them. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
47 FreeMind Replaces: MindJet
Both of these mind mapping programs let you create unique diagrams showing the relationship between ideas—kind of like you would with a white board during a brainstorming session. The biggest difference between the two is that the commercial program offers some online collaboration and Sharepoint integration capabilities that aren't available in the open-source version. On the other hand, FreeMind claims to offer faster performance than MindJet. Operating System: OS Independent.
48 Gnumeric Replaces: Microsoft Excel
This spreadsheet app boasts that it includes all of the functions in Microsoft Excel, plus 154 others. It imports files from Excel, Lotus, QuattroPro, and other programs, and it can export to Excel, XML, PDF, and several other formats. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
49 KOffice Replaces: Microsoft Office
Although it's not as popular as OpenOffice.org, this office productivity suite from KDE also offers a viable alternative to Microsoft Office. It includes a word processor/desktop publisher, spreadsheet, presentation, database, project planner, flowchart, vector drawing, and a photo editing app. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
50 NeoOffice Replaces: Microsoft Office
NeoOffice is a variation of OpenOffice.org (see below) that's tailored for the Mac. While OpenOffice.org does work on OS X, NeoOffice menus and features look and feel more like typical Mac software. Operating System: OS X.
51 OpenOffice.org Replaces: Microsoft Office
One of the best applications for people who have never used open-source before, OpenOffice.org includes a word processor, spreadsheet, presentation creator, and database that read and create Microsoft-compatible files. Unlike Office, it also comes with a drawing program and a mathematical equation creator, and of course, it's free. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
52 StarOffice Replaces: Microsoft Office
For users who would like to try an open-source productivity suite but who don't want to go without support, StarOffice offers exactly the same programs as OpenOffice.org with paid support from Oracle. Prices start at $49.95, with discounts available for volume purchasers. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.

Open Source Tools: Operating System

53 Red Hat Replaces: Windows
Calling itself "the world's leading open source application platform," Red Hat offers both desktop and server versions of Linux that are designed primarily for enterprise users. One-year subscriptions which include basic support start at $349 for the server version and $80 for the desktop version, or you can get a free, non-supported version that is nearly identical fromFedora.
54 SUSE Replaces: Windows
Novell also targets large business users with it's SUSE version of Linux. Prices start at $349 for the server version and $50 for the desktop version, and free versions are available fromopenSUSE.
55 Ubuntu Replaces: Windows
Because it is so user friendly, Ubuntu is one of the most popular versions of Linux for home users, particularly netbook users. Unlike Windows, Ubuntu (and the other versions of Linux) includes most of the applications you'll need, so you don't have to purchase separate software for word processing, spreadsheets, e-mail, video, music, etc.

Open Source Tools: Password Manager

56 KeePass Replaces: RoboForm, LastPass
Like the other password managers, KeePass stores your passwords in an encrypted database, so that you only have to remember one master password. Its Web site claims that its encryption is so strong that "even if you would use all computers in the world to attack one database, decrypting it would take longer than the age of the universe." However, KeePass does not automatically fill in Web forms for you like the commercial products do. Operating System: Windows.

Open Source Tools: PDF Tools

57 PDFCreator Replaces: Adobe Acrobat
With this tool, you can create a PDF file from any application that can print. It also includes digital signature and encryption capabilities, but it lacks some of Acrobat's form creating capabilities. Operating System: Windows.
58 Sumatra PDF Replaces: Adobe Reader
You don't have to use Adobe Reader to open PDF files. Sumatra also lets you view PDFs, and it's extremely lightweight, so it loads and operates much faster. Operating System: Windows.

Open Source Tools: Project Management

59 OpenProj Replaces: Microsoft Project
Downloaded more than 1.2 million times, OpenProj provides nearly identical project management capabilities as Microsoft Project and even opens Microsoft Project and Primavera files. It's also available in a cloud-based version called "Projects On Demand" for $20 per month per user. Operating System: Windows, Linux, Unix, OS X.
60 GanttProject Replaces: Microsoft Project
Like OpenProj, GanttProject opens Microsoft Project files and offers much of the same functionality. However, it's not quite as polished as either OpenProj or Microsoft Project. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: School Management

61 Moodle Replaces: Blackboard
Both of these course management systems make it easy for instructors to conduct online courses, but Moodle offers the distinct advantage of being available for free. It's currently used on nearly 50,000 sites in more than 200 countries. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.
62 openSIS Replaces: PowerSchool
Some school districts claim to have lowered their TCO by 75 percent or more when switching from PowerSchool to openSIS. It includes modules for student demographics, attendance, gradebooks, scheduling, report cards, and more. Operating System: Windows (Linux coming soon).

Open Source Tools: Text Editor

63 jEdit Replaces: WordPad

This Java-based replacement for the standard Windows text editor includes a number of helpful features for developers. For example, it indents automatically and highlights syntax for 130 different programming languages, and it has convenient keyboard shortcuts for many functions. Operating System: OS Independent

Open Source Tools: Utilities

64 Launchy Replaces: Windows Start Menu
Instead of hunting through your Windows start menu or file manager, just type a couple of letters and Launchy will find the application or file you're looking for. It's fast and very easy to use. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X
65 DocFetcher Replaces: Standard desktop search
If you're looking for text in a document, DocFetcher can find it quickly. It doesn't search application and system files, but it does find text within documents very quickly. Operating System: Windows, Linux
66 UltraDefrag Replaces: Disk Defragmenter
This utility offers a couple of benefits over the Windows Disk Defragmenter. Most notably, it offers better speed, lets you schedule your defrag, and can automatically turn off your system when it's done. Operating System: Windows
67 Karsten SlideShow Replaces: My Pictures Slideshow
This screensaver works like the "My Pictures Slideshow" in Windows, except that it lets you decide which pictures should be used. It can also play video clips or run a slideshow as your desktop wallpaper. Operating System: Windows

Open Source Tools: Video Tools

68 Avidemux Replaces: Adobe Premiere

Although it doesn't have nearly the wealth of features available with Adobe Premiere, Avidemux performs simple video cutting, filtering, and encoding tasks well. It also includes some scripting and job queue capabilities so that you can automate some repetitive tasks. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
69 VLC Media Player Replaces: Windows Media Player
This meida player supports most audio and video file formats, and it can play from files, physical media (DVDs, CDs, etc.), TV cards, and streaming media. It can also convert files from one format to another and act as a streaming server—all without the need for external codecs. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
70 XBMC Media Center Replaces: Windows Media Player
Winner of numerous awards, XBMC plays nearly all types of audio and video files—and looks great doing it. Designed to work with home theater PCs (HTPCs), it supports most remote controls, and it automatically creates a personal library, including cover art, for all of your audio and video files. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: VoIP

71 QuteCom Replaces: Skype
Formerly known as "WengoPhone," QuteCom offers free calling to other SIP-based VoIP software users, and if you have a SIP service provider, you can also call landlines, mobile phones, etc. Unfortunately, documentation for QuteCom is scarce, so if you want ease of use, Skype may offer a better option. However, if you want to be able to choose your own service provider, the open-source software is the way to go. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X.

Open Source Tools: Web Site Creation

72 Bluefish Replaces: Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web
While it's not quite as user-friendly as its commercial competitors or the other open-source options listed here, Bluefish offers a very fast WYSIWYG HTML editor that doesn't use a lot of system resources. Aimed at coders more than designers, it also includes support for a number of other programming languages. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
73 NVU Replaces: Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web
NVU claims to be "the number one free Web authoring system." While it's definitely aimed more at novices than professionals, it inlcudes many of the same features as the commercial HTML tools, and the Web site also helps newbies register a domain name and find hosting for their sites. Operating System: Windows, Linux, OS X, others.
74 SeaMonkey Replaces: Adobe Dreamweaver, Microsoft Expression Web
Loosely supported by Mozilla, SeaMonkey includes a Web browser, feedreader, e-mail client, and IRC chat client, as well as an HTML authoring tool. Unlike the commercial tools, SeaMonkey doesn't offer an easy way to convert graphic files to Web pages, but it does include some advanced CSS capabilities and a built-in Java de-bugger. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
75 XML Copy Editor Replaces: XMLSpy
If you're looking for a basic XML editor with maximum speed, give XML Copy Editor a try. However, if you need a more full-featured solution or integration with SharePoint, Visual Studio, or Eclipse, the commercial software offers a better option. Operating System: Windows, Linux.
Source: http://itmanagement.earthweb.com

Terminology for translators

SANCHO	ITU-T Database
ITU-R / ITU-T Terms and Definitions	Prototype of the integrated Database ITU-R/ITU-T Terms andDefinitions is an online database providing access to all the abbreviations andacronyms, terms and definitions contained in the ITU-R and ITU-T Publications.

External links

FAOTERM	Terminology managed by the Programming, Reference and Terminology Group within the Meeting Programming and Documentation Service, GICM, at FAO in Rome (Italy).
Grand dictionnaire terminologique	Élaboré par l'Office de la langue française du Gouvernement du Québec. Contient près de 3 millions de termes français et anglais du vocabulaire industriel, scientifique et commercial, dans près de 2000 domaines spécialisés; soit léquivalent de 3000 ouvrages de référence
Inter-Active Terminology for Europe (IATE)	the EU inter-institutional terminology database system established as the successor to Eurodicautom.
IEC/CEI	Electropedia is the world's leading online electrical and electronic database containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English and French organized by subject area, with equivalent terms in German and Spanish. Electropedia is also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary online or IEV online.
IPSAS Standards	Information on access to IPSAS standards in the six official United Nations languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish). The IPSAS handbook is available in all six languages. Links to relevant websites provided where they exist.
International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV)	The online database contains some 20 000 terms in English, French, German and Spanish. It also provides definitions in English and French for the category of General Concepts (IEV parts 101 - 195).
Inventerm	Inventaire des terminologies disponibles dans Internet; ce n'est pas une banque de terminologie; contient 1935 sites indexés et près de 600000 termes. Fruit d'une collaboration entre le Rifal et l' OQLF
ILOTERM	International Labour Organization terminology database
IMF Terminology	Contains over 4,500 records of terms useful to translators working with IMF material. It provides versions of terms in a number of languages, without definitions
IMF Glossary 2000	Containing Arabic, English and French Terms
Proz.Com term search	Searchable glossaries in many languages pairs and domains created by a network of translators.
Terminometro	Le métamoteur terminologique Terminonaute vous permet d'effectuer une recherche de termes simultanée sur plusieurs sites de terminologie. Pour chaque site sélectionné, une nouvelle fenêtre de votre navigateur s'ouvri ra.
TErms and Definitions Database Interactive (TEDDI)	The information contained in this database has been extracted from the Definitions clause of ETSI standards, specifications and reports during their final editing for approval or publication.
Termium	Data bank of the Translation Bureau of Public Works and Government Services Canada. It contains specialized terms, spanning nearly every field of human endeavour. Its three million French and English terms are organized by subject. It also contains Spanish terms.
TermSciences	Portail terminologique multidisciplinaire pour la communauté scientifique
TIS on the Web	Simplified version of the terminological database used by terminologists and translators working in The General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union.
VINTARS	Vienna INternet Terminology And Reference System is a web-based tool to manage terminology and references in all six United Nations Official Languages, plus the host country language, German, in support of the work of translators, editors, and interpreters in Conference Services at the United Na tions Office at Vienna (UNOV).
UN Resolutions	Terminology of UN Resolutions in a searchable database format (AEFS)
UNTERM	United Nations multilingual terminology database, 70,000 entries in 6 official languages, daily updates. Maintained by the terminology team of the Terminology and Reference Section, Documentation Division, DGACM, New York
Chinese Section - UNOG Interpretation Service	(联 合 国 日 内 瓦 口 译 处 / 中 文 科): Access to terminology databases, UN glossaries and useful links.

Opţiuni la plata impozitelor

Pe 17 mai este ultima zi în care se pot depune la ANAF declaraţiile fiscale pentru veniturile realizate în anul 2009. Formularul 200 se completează numai de către contribuabilii persoane fizice care obţin venituri din activităţi independente, cedarea folosinţei bunurilor, activităţi agricole, operaţiuni de vânzare-cumpărare de valută la termen şi transferul titlurilor de valoare. Cota de impozit este de 16%, însă contribuabilii au anumite drepturi de opţiune privind calculul venitului net impozabil.
Declaraţia de venit se depu­ne de către contribuabilii care au desfăşurat activitatea în mod individual sau într-o formă de asociere ce nu a dat naştere unei persoane juridice. Pe baza acestei declaraţii (Formula­rul 200) ANAF va emite decizia de impozitare până la data de 15 septembrie a anului următor celui pentru care se face impunerea. 

Cine nu trebuie să depună declaraţia de venit
Nu se depun declaraţii de im­pu­nere pentru următoarele catego­rii de venituri:
a) venituri nete determinate pe bază de norme de venit, cu excepţia contribuabililor care au depus declaraţii de venit estimativ în luna decembrie şi pentru care nu s-au stabilit plăţi anticipate, conform legii;
b) venituri din cedarea folosinţei bunurilor prevăzute la art. 63 alin. (2), a căror impunere este finală;
c) venituri sub formă de salarii şi venituri asimilate salariilor, pentru care informaţiile sunt cuprinse în fişele fiscale, care au regim de declaraţii de impozite şi taxe sau declaraţii lunare;
d) venituri din investiţii, cu excepţia tranzacţiilor de titluri de valoare, precum şi venituri din premii şi din jocuri de noroc, a căror impunere este finală;
e) venituri din pensii;
f) venituri din activităţi agricole, a căror impunere este finală;
g) venituri din transferul proprie­tăţilor imobiliare;
h) venituri din alte surse.

Venituri din activităţi independente
Veniturile din activităţi independente cuprind veniturile comercia­le, veniturile din profesii libere şi ve­niturile din drepturi de proprietate intelectuală.
Sunt considerate venituri comerciale veniturile din fapte de comerţ ale contribuabililor, din prestări de servicii, precum şi din practicarea unei meserii.
Constituie venituri din profesii libere veniturile obţinute din exer­ci­tarea profesiilor medicale, de avocat, notar, auditor financiar, consultant fis­cal, expert contabil, contabil au­to­rizat, consultant de plasament în va­lori mobiliare, arhitect sau a altor profesii reglementate, desfăşurate în mod independent, în condiţiile legii.
Veniturile din valorificarea sub orice formă a drepturilor de pro­prie­tate intelectuală provin din bre­vete de invenţie, desene şi modele, mos­tre, mărci de fabrică şi de co­merţ, pro­cedee tehnice, know-how, din drepturi de autor şi drepturi conexe dreptului de autor şi altele asemenea.
Contribuabilul are dreptul de a  opta între impunerea veniturilor din „activităţi independente” sau „din alte surse”. Opţiunea de im­pu­nere a venitului brut se exercită în scris, în momentul încheierii fie­cărui raport juridic/contract şi este aplicabilă veniturilor realizate ca urmare a activităţii desfăşurate pe ba­­za acestuia.
Dacă a optat pentru „activităţi in­dependente”, art. 52 lit. d) din Codul Fiscal prevede reţinerea la sursă a impozitului, reprezentând plăţi anti-cipate. Plătitorii veniturilor din ac­ti­vităţi desfăşurate în baza contrac­te­lor/convenţiilor civile au obligaţia de a calcula, de a reţine şi de a vira im­pozit prin reţinere la sursă, re­prezentând plăţi anticipate, din ve­niturile plătite. Impozitul ce trebuie reţinut se stabileşte după cum ur­mează, aplicând o cotă de impunere de 10% la venitul brut. Acest impozit se virează la bugetul de stat până la data de 25 inclusiv a lunii următoare celei în care a fost plătit venitul.
Dacă a optat pentru impozitarea veniturilor „din alte surse”, impoz­i-tul pe venit se calculează prin re­ţi­nere la sursă la momentul plăţii ve­niturilor (deci nu anticipat!) de către plătitorii de venituri, prin aplicarea unei cote de 16% asupra venitului brut. Acesta reprezintă impozit final şi nu mai intră în procedură de re­gularizare (art. 78, lit. e) din Codul Fis­cal). Impozitul astfel reţinut se vi­­rea­ză la bugetul de stat până la data de 25 inclusiv a lunii următoare ce­lei în care a fost reţinut. Opţiunea „alte sur­se” este mai favorabilă a­tunci când contribuabilul are cheltuieli deductibile, care pot fi scăzute din baza de impozitare.
Pe de altă parte, venitul net din-tr-o activitate independentă, desfăşu­ra­tă de contribuabil individual, fără salariaţi, se poate determina şi pe ba­za normelor de venit stabilite de di­recţiile generale ale finanţelor pu­blice. Sunt vizaţi micii manufacturieri, ateliere de reparaţii, meditatori, muzicanţi, instructori auto etc. Aceş­tia nu au obligaţia să depună decla­raţia de venit până la 17 mai. Însă contribuabilii care determină veni­tul net pe bază de norme de venit, precum şi cei pentru care cheltuie­lile se determină în sistem forfetar şi au optat pentru determinarea ve­ni­­-t­ului net în sistem real depun, odată cu cererea de opţiuni, şi de­cla­raţia de venit estimat (Formularul 220). Termenul pentru această de­cla­raţie a expirat pe 2 februarie.

Venituri din cedarea folosinţei bunurilor
În această categorie de venit intră veniturile din închirieri şi subînchirieri de bunuri mobile şi imobile, precum şi veniturile din arendarea bunurilor agricole, din patrimoniul personal.
Veniturile obţinute din închirieri şi subînchirieri de bunuri imobile sunt cele din cedarea folosinţei lo­cuin­ţei, caselor de vacanţă, garajelor, terenurilor şi altele asemenea, a căror folosinţă este cedată în baza unor contracte de închiriere/subîn­chiriere, uzufruct, arendare şi altele asemenea, inclusiv a unor părţi din acestea, utilizate în scop de reclamă, afişaj şi publicitate.
Şi în cazul veniturilor privind ce­darea folosinţei bunurilor, pro­prie­tarul are un drept de opţiune pri­vind modul de determinare a ve­ni­tu­lui net impozabil: prin aplicarea co­telor forfetare de cheltuieli sau pentru determinarea venitului net în sistem real, pe baza datelor din con­­tabilitatea în partidă simplă.
În prima variantă, în vederea de­terminării venitului brut, la sumele reprezentând chiria sau arenda în bani şi/sau la echivalentul în lei al veniturilor în natură se adaugă, dacă este cazul, şi valoarea cheltuielilor ce sunt, conform dispoziţiilor legale sau înţelegerii contractuale, în sarcina proprietarului, uzufructuarului sau a altui deţinător legal, dar sunt efectuate de chiriaş (în cazul în care acestea nu se scad din chirie). Ve­ni­tul net din cedarea folosinţei bunu­rilor se stabileşte prin deducerea din venitul brut a cheltuielilor determinate prin aplicarea cotei de 25% asu­pra venitului brut. Cheltuiala deduc­tibilă aferentă venitului, stabilită în cota forfetară de 25% aplicată la venitul brut, se consideră a fi uzura bu­nurilor închiriate şi cheltuielile oca­zionate de întreţinerea şi repararea acestora, impozitele şi taxele pe proprietate datorate potrivit legii, comisionul reţinut de intermediari, pri­mele de asigurare plătite pentru bu­nul cedat spre folosinţă, respectiv eventuale nerealizări ale veniturilor din arendare scontate, generate de condiţii naturale nefavorabile, cum ar fi grindina, seceta, inundaţii, incendii şi altele asemenea.
În cazul opţiunii pentru determi­narea venitului net din cedarea folo­sinţei bunurilor în sistem real, venitul net din activităţi independente se determină ca diferenţă între venitul brut şi cheltuielile efectuate în scopul realizării de venituri, deduc­ti­bile, pe baza datelor din contabilitatea în partidă simplă, ca diferenţă între venitul brut şi cheltuielile afe­rente realizării acestuia.
Contribuabilii care realizează venituri din cedarea folosinţei bunu­rilor au obligaţia ca în termen de 15 zile de la începerea activităţii să în­re­gistreze contractele de închiriere la organele fiscale în raza cărora îşi au domiciliul fiscal şi să depună For­mu­larul 220 „Declaraţia privind ve­nitul estimat”. Pe baza acestei decla­raţii se emite decizia de impunere pentru plăţi anticipate, care se vor efectua în 4 rate până la data de 15 a ultimei luni din fiecare trimestru.
Pe data de 17 mai se depune altă declaraţie, şi anume cea privind ve­niturile realizate (Formularul 200), în care se va declara venitul net reali­zat din cedarea folosinţei bunurilor.
Persoanele fizice care realizează venituri din cedarea folosinţei bu­nu­rilor din derularea unui număr mai mare de 5 contracte de închiriere la sfârşitul anului fiscal, începând cu anul fiscal următor califică aceste ve­nituri în categoria venituri din acti­vităţi independente şi se supun re­gulilor de stabilire a venitului net în sistem real prin organizarea conta­bi-lităţii în partidă simplă.

Activităţile agricole pentru care venitul net se stabileşte în sistem real
În această categorie sunt cuprin­se venituri din cultivarea şi valorificarea florilor, legumelor şi zarzava­tu­rilor, în sere şi în solarii, special destinate acestor scopuri şi/sau în sistem irigat, precum şi din cultiva­rea şi valorificarea arbuştilor, plan­te­lor decorative şi a ciupercilor, din ex­ploatarea pepinierelor viticole şi po­mi­cole şi din altele asemenea.
Declaraţia de venit (Formularul 200) se depune de către contribuabi­lii care au optat pentru determina­rea venitului net în sistem real, pe ba­za datelor din contabilitatea în par­tidă simplă, nu şi de către cei im­puşi pe baza normelor de venit.

Cåştiguri rezultate din transferul dreptului de proprietate asupra titlurilor de valoare
Declaraţia se depune de contri­bua­bilii care, în anul de raportare, au realizat câştiguri din transferul ti­tlurilor de valoare, altele decât păr­ţile sociale şi valorile mobiliare în ca­zul societăţilor închise, şi au obli­ga­ţia stabilirii câştigului net anual/ pier­derii nete anuale, potrivit legii.

Câştiguri din operaţiuni de vânzare-cumpărare de valută la termen, pe bază de contract
Declaraţia se depune de către contribuabilii care, în anul de rapor­tare, au realizat câştiguri din ope­ra­ţiuni de vânzare-cumpărare de va­lu­tă la termen, pe bază de contract, precum şi orice alte operaţiuni de acest gen, altele decât cele cu instrumente financiare tranzacţionate pe pieţe autorizate şi supravegheate de Comisia Naţională a Valorilor Mobi­liare, şi au obligaţia stabilirii câştigului net anual/pierderii nete anuale, potrivit legii.
Sursa:http://www.sfin.ro

Cum se sparge parola de administrator din windows

In tutorialul de astazi o sa invatam cum se poate reseta, schimba sau sterge parola de administrator cu care ne logam pe windows in cazul in care nu mai stim parola veche sau am uitat-o. Practic in cazul in care aveti un Windows cu parola o sa puteti sa il “spargeti” foarte usor. In cazul in care am dori doar sa salvam anumite fisiere de pe partitia C dar nu mai stim parola de logare putem boota cu un Linux Live CD, montam partitia C ce contine sistemul de operare, navigam in folderul “Documents and Settings” apoi in folderul cu numele userului apoi in folderul “Desktop” in cazul in care fisierele ce dorim sa le salvam sunt pe Desktop si le mutam sau copiem cu click dreapta pe fisier, alegem copy si pastam pe o alta partitie. Insa ce ne facem in cazul in care nu dorim sa reinstalam Windowsul din cauza parolei uitate sau avem un soft mai delicat in care avem o baza de date sau pur si simplu dorim sa executam un soft ce ruleaza doar pe Windows? Evident va trebui sa facem ceva sa scapam de parola ce ni se cere atunci cand pornim PC-ul. Unii ar spune: nimic mai simplu, reinstalam windowsul. Pentru ca Windows este un sistem de operare foarte “sigur” care protejeaza (de nu mai poate) userii ne va fi foarte usor sa trecem de protectia oricarui Windows in cazul in care partitia cu sistemul de operare nu este criptata, si cum stim ca o criptare a unei intregi partitii de windows dureaza o vesnicie ma indoiesc ca cineva a avut rabdarea sa stea pana se cripteaza o intreaga partitie (C), nu ca ar fi ceva rau sa aveti rabdarea necesara sau ca nu s-ar merita, din contra daca aveti partitia criptata nu va trebui sa va faceti griji si acest tutorial nu prea va va fi de folos in situatia in care partitia cu sistemul de operare este criptata. revenind la ce am spus mai sus este foarte usor de a trecer de  acesta “protectie” a Windows-ului cu ajutorul…ati ghicit, Linuxului !!! Linuxul cel mai bun prieten al omului ne va fi foarte util, mai exact este vorba de o distributie Linux numita Slax ce are nici mai mult nici mai putin de 160MB. Va trebui sa ardem un CD bootabil cu aceasta imagine ISO, sa il punem in unitate si sa bootam cu el pe calculatorul caruia vrem sa ii “spargem” protectia. intram in modul Live CD al acestei distributii si de aici pasii sunt simpli, in mare va trebui sa montati partitia ce contine sistemul de operare, apoi sa deschideti un terminal si sa dati urmatoarele comenzi:
cd /mnt/hda1(in cazul meu)/WINDOWS/system32/config
apasam Enter, aceasta comanda ne va ajuta sa ajungem un folderul “config” din “system32″, odata ajunsi in acest folder dam urmatoarea comanda:
ls
aceasta va lista toate fisierle ce se afla in directorul “config”
verificam cu privirea daca in fisierele listate se gaseste un fisier cu denumirea: SAM*
daca acesta exista trecem la urmatoarea comanda:
chntpw -l SAM
dam enter si ne va fi afisat un “tabel” in mod text in care vor fi listati userii ce au cont pe Windowsul respectiv, ce privilegii au, daca un user are parola si care din ei etc
presupunand ca noi pur si simplu am uitat parola dar stim numele de user vom trece la urmatoarea comanda:
chntpw -u "Ady" SAM
iarasi apasam Enter, eu am pus Ady pentru ca acesta este numele meu de user caruia am uitat parola, voi inlocuiti “Ady” cu numele vostru de user, atentie username-ul trebuie scris in ghilimele exact ca in comanda de mai sus, voi schimbati doar ce e intre ghilimele cu numele userului vostru.
acum ne vor fi afisate cateva optiuni printre care 3 cele mai importante:
1. Clear user password
2. Edit user password
3. Promote user
daca dorim sa dezactivam ca windowsul sa nu mai ceara parola la pornire pentru userul Ady si tot odata sa o stergem apasam tasta 1 si dam enter, daca dorim sa schimbam parola unui user (fara a o sti pe cea veche) apasam tasta 2 (nu va recomand aceasta metoda, nu a functionat la mine, eventual alegeti optiunea 1 si apoi puteti pune o alta parola in momentul in care o sa fiti in windows), daca Windowsul respectiv are mai multe conturi facute si dorim ca un anume user sa aiba drepturi de administrator fara a sti vre-o parola apasam tasta 3, dupa ce am apasat una din tastele 1, 2, sau 3 dam Enter.
Dam restart si asta ar fi tot, aveti grija si nu va jucati cu astfel de lucruri pentru ca se constituie infractiune violarea intimitatii unei persoane fara acordul acesteia si riscati puscaria, sa stiti ca nu glumesc deloc, folositi aceste informatii doar in scopuri particulare si personale, Videotutorial.ro nu isi asuma nici un fel de raspundere aspura faptelor savarsite de dumneavoastra, acesta tutorial este pur informativ si are scop educativ. Sursa: http://www.videotutorial.ro

Municipiul Sacele - Telefoane Utile

SALVAREA SĂCELE 961, 276.876 POMPIERII 981 GAZ 928 APA 926 ELECTRICA 929 POLIŢIA SĂCELE 955, 273.944 ADMINISTRATIA FINANTELOR PUBLICE SACELE 276.143 ; 273.991 SPITALUL MUNICIPAL 270.830, 270.850 ROMGAZ SĂCELE 273.041 REGIA APA SĂCELE 276.187 ELECTRICA SĂCELE 276.169 , 276.154 ROMTELECOM SĂCELE 271.899 TREZORERIA SĂCELE 276.250 CIBIN 276.591 FARMACIA ADN 276.158 FARMACIA ANNYLON 276.248 FARMACIA MIRADRIA 273.670 POLICLINICA PRECIZIA 270.570 FARMACIA PRECIZIA 276.224 R.A.G.C.P.S. 273.383, 273.384, 273.385, 274.225, 270.982 CLUBUL ELEVILOR 273.359 CASA DE AJUTOR RECIPROC A PENSIONARILOR 273.359 CEC 276.167 PRIMĂRIA SECRETARIAT 276.164 VICEPRIMAR 276.189 SECRETAR CONSILIUL LOCAL 276.161 BIROUL JURIDIC 276.198 DIRECŢIA TEHNICĂ 276.246 DIRECŢIA DE URBANISM 276.182 EVIDENŢA POPULAŢIEI 273.243 CONTABILITATE 276.227 POLIŢIA OFIŢER DE SERVICIU 273.944 COMANDANTUL POLIŢIEI 273.980 SECTIA DE JANDARMI 276.164/127 (24 DE ORE DIN 24)

Cum îţi cumperi casă de la executări silite

Cea mai dificilă etapă în achiziţionarea unui apartament executat silit este găsirea ofertelor. Însă pot apărea neplăceri şi după ce aţi devenit proprietar, dacă cei executaţi silit nu vor să părăsească imobilul.
Persoanele care vor sa cumpere un imobil scos la licitaţie sunt obligate să depună la CEC, la dispoziţia executorului judecătoresc, până la termenul stabilit pentru vânzare, o cauţiune reprezentând 10% din preţul la care a fost evaluat imobilul. Dovada consemnării va fi ataşata ofertei de cumpărare.

Licitaţia începe prin citirea de către executor a publicaţiei de vânzare şi a ofertelor primite până la acea dată. Executorul va oferi spre vânzare imobilul, prin trei strigări succesive, la intervale de timp care să permită opţiuni şi supralicitări, pornind de la preţul oferit care este mai mare decât cel la care s-a făcut evaluarea sau, în lipsa unei asemenea oferte, chiar de la preţul de evaluare.

Preţul scade cu 25% după prima licitaţie

„În cazul în care nu este oferit nici preţul la care imobilul a fost evaluat, vânzarea se va amâna la un alt termen, de cel mult 60 de zile, pentru care se va face o noua publicaţie. La acest termen licitaţia va începe de la preţul de 75% din cel la care imobilul a fost evaluat. Daca nu se obţine preţul de începere a licitaţiei, la acelaşi termen bunul va fi vândut la cel mai mare preţ oferit. Vânzarea se va putea face chiar daca se prezintă o singura persoana care oferă preţul de la care începe licitaţia”

Cel care a câştigat licitaţia, trebuie să depună la dispoziţia executorului judecătoresc o sumă egală cu preţul oferit,  în termen de cel mult 30 de zile de la data vânzării, din care se scade cauţiunea depusă iniţial.

Această sumă poate fi plătită din resursele proprii ale câştigătorului, sau, mai nou, din credite bancare. Există şi o a treia posibilitate: dacă creditorul este de acord, se poate stabili plata preţului în rate. La cererea adjudecatarului, executorul judecătoresc, cu acordul creditorului, poate stabili plata preţului în rate, numărul acestora, cuantumul şi data scadenţei lor, precum şi suma care se plăteşte de îndată drept avans.

Dezavantajele achiziţiilor de la executări silite

Principalul avantaj achiziţiei unui imobil executat silit îl reprezintă preţul, care poate fi mult mai mic decât cele de pe piaţă. Există însă şi dezavantaje: imobilul nu poate fi vizionat în prealabil. Ba chiar, pot exista situaţii neplăcute în care aveţi nevoie de poliţie pentru a evacua fosţii proprietarii. În plus, ofertele de executări silite, sunt destul de greu de găsit.

Teoretic, acestea trebuie publicate într-un ziar, afişate la birourile executorilor judecătoreşti şi la avizierele judecătoriilor. Sursa: http://www.capital.ro 

Orice executare silita este realizata de catre executorii judecatoresti sau bancari, dupa caz, cu incuviintarea unui judecator. Fara aceasta nu se poate. Pana acum un an se putea si fara incuviintarea judecatorului.

Asociatia Romana a Bancilor nu are astfel de date statistice despre piata executarilor silite din Romania.

Juristii spun ca o procedura de executare silita dureaza una pana la doua luni pentru ca procedura trebuie aprobata de un judecator. In urma cu un an era mai simplu pentru ca nu era nevoie de aprobarea tribunalului. Dupa aprobarea inceperii executarii silite se face licitatia de vanzare a imobilului.

"Acum, procedura nu permite ca oamenii sa fie aruncati in strada, din cauza preturilor mari, insa peste trei luni va fi posibil", pentru ca preturile se vor mai aseza, iar banca poate vinde proprietatea la o valoare si de 1% din cea la care a fost evaluata initial, explica Piperea.

"In principiu, o banca trebuie sa astepte 90 de zile, in care creditorul sa nu plateasca. In aceasta perioada si chiar si dupa aceea, orice banca incearca sa faca o reesalonare, o intelegere amiabila. Poate dura si sase pana 9 luni pana se ajunge la executare silita", sustin aceleasi surse bancare.

http://www.raiffeisen.ro/licitatii-bunuri-in-executare

http://vanzari.leumi.ro/

http://www.otpbank.ro/ro/publicatii-de-vanzare/

http://www.volksbank.ro/index.asp?pag=licitatii

 Site-uri ale executorilor:

http://www.unpir.ro/included/licitatii-practicieni.php

http://www.executori.ro/

http://www.hostmybb.com/phpbb/index.php?mforum=publicatii

http://anaf.mfinante.ro - secţiunea anunţuri

Open translation standards

GMX
GILT Metrics eXchange; defines a standard for specifying the volume, complexity and quality of translation-related tasks (not to be confused with the German freemail service GMX). Maintained by LISA.
  
ITS
Internationalisation Tag Set; provides support for the internationalisation of XML documents, e.g. by marking translateable content directly in the source document. Maintained by the W3C.
  
OLIF
Open Lexicon Interchange Format; defines an XML-based standard for describing lexical/terminological data. Maintained by the OLIF Consortium.
  
SRX
Segmentation Rules eXchange; defines a standard for describing the segmentation rules used by CAT tools and localisation tools. Maintained by LISA.
  
TBX
Term Base eXchange; defines a standard for the representation of terminological data to enable the interchange of term databases between different tools. Maintained by LISA.
  
TMX
Translation Memory eXchange; defines a format for the exchange of translation memories. Maintained by LISA.
  
Trans-WS
Translation Web Services; defines a web services standard for business interactions in localisation and translation. Maintained by OASIS.
  
XLIFF
XML Localisation Interchange File Format; defines a standard source file format for localisation and translation. Maintained by OASIS.

Free / Open Source translation links

Attesoro An editor for translation and management of Java Resource Bundles. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

bitext2tmx This tool can be used to transform existing translations into a TM in TMX format ("alignment"). Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

Entrans Entrans provides support for the collaborative online translation of PO files. In particular, support is provided for indic languages. Requirements: MySQL, PHP Licence: GPL

File2XLIFF4j This project's intention is to create a set of filters for converting files from/to XLIFF.

ForeignDesk ForeignDesk is a CAT/TM tool, which has been published by LionBridge under an OS licence. Licence: BSD, IBM Public

Frankenstein Java-based translation memory tool. Development seems to have stopped in October 2000. Requirements: Java Licence: ?

G11N Toolkit (Globalization Toolkit) Provides a number of Java classes to support the engineering processes involved in internationalisation and localisations. Part of the package is an XLIFF editor. Requirements: Java, Ant Licence: GPL

Gettext lint tools The gettext lint tools can be used for validating PO and POT files. The tool set also includes a glossary builder and a spellchecker. Licence: GPL

GNU Gettext GNU Gettext offers a number of tools und standards for localisation. In particular, certain conventions for the creation of internationalised programs are described, which have become standard in the oen-source world (i.e. the conventions, not the programs). GNU Gettext also comprises an extension for GNU Emacs to be able to edit PO files. Licence: GPL

gtranslator A PO source file editor for the GNOME Desktop, similar to KBabel. Licence: GPL

IBM Resource Bundle Manager A translation and management program for Java Resource Bundles, which is part of IBM's ICU package (International Components for Unicode). Requirements: Java Licence: ICU4J license

ICU (International Components for Unicode) This project by IBM provides a number of C/C++ and Java libraries for manipulation of Unicode data, string transformations, locale data viewing etc. The locale data is compatible with CLDR. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

ImTranslator A helpful Firefox-Plugin, which provides access to the machine translation engines @Prompt and Babelfish. Requirements: Firefox 1.0 - 2.0.0.

Irma IRMA (Internationalization Resource Management Application) provides a web interface for translating the Linspire operating system.

Jspy 18 Provides a number of scripts for translating and managing JSP files. Requirements: Python Licence: GPL

KAider A PO file editor based on KBabel.

Kartouche A web-based solution for the localisation of open-source projects. Licence: GPL

KBabel This tool is a popular PO file editor used in open source localisation for the KDE desktop environment. It also provides some (very limited) support for editing XLIFF files. Licence: GPL

Localizer Another Zope product, which provides facilities for building multi-lingual websites, based on the gettext framework. Requirements: Python, Zope Licence: GPL

Okapi Framework The Okapi Framework provides a number of interfaces, API etc. which serve to enhance the interoperability in the field of localisation. You can get both the specifications and implementations for .Net from the website. Part of the framework is, for instance, Olifant, a tool for creating and maintaining TMs. Requirements: MS .Net Licence: LGPL

OmegaT OmegaT is at present the only general translation memory tool released under an open source licence. The program is targeted at professional translators, i.e. not limited to the open-source domain. It can handle OpenOffice.org files, (X)HTML, Java properties and to some degree XML. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

OmegaT+ omegat+ (= OmegaT plus) is a fork from the original OmegaT project, created to include internal spell-checking and other enhancements. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

Open Language Tools This project published by Sun comprises an XLIFF Editor and a set of XLIFF filters for formats such as OpenOffice.org files, (X)HTML, Java properties, DocBook etc. Requirements: Java Licence: CDDL

Open Translation Engine Develops language translation and dictionary tools. At present, there is a Dutch-English dictionary available. Requirements: PHP Licence: BSD License

OpenLingua This projects intends to create a collection of multi-lingual dictionaries, which will be provided for free.

OpenLogos As far as I know, OpenLogos is the only open-source machine translation system currently available. It currently supports the European languages English, FIGS and Portuguese. Requirements: PostgreSQL Licence: GPL / commercia

OpenTM This prjects intends to create an open-source translation memory tool. Unfortunately, it seems to be dead at the moment. The feature list looks impressive, though. Requirements: ? Licence: ?

OpenTrad OpenTrad is a machine translation project for the four Spanish languages. It is based on two technologies called Apertium and Matxin. Licence: GPL

poEdit Yet another PO file editor for gettext catalogs. Requirements: wxWidgets toolkit Licence: MIT Licenc

Polyglota Another tool for localising PO file, this time web-based. The project hasn't released any code, yet. Requirements: MySQL, PHP Licence: GPL

Pootle Pootle is a tool for simplifying the collaborative translation of free and open source software. It provides an online portal which can be used for organising the team, for translating online and for the shared use ofr resources, such as translation memories. Licence: GPL

ResBundleEdit An editor for Java Resource Bundles. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

Rosetta Translation Portal A web-based framework for translating open-source applications.

t7e Provides a translation management system for maintaining multilingual websites. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

Tickle Dict A dictionary look-up tool with access to 48 different dictionaries and resources. Requirements: TCL/TK Licence: GPL

TMOSS.org A project wiki to create an open-source TM tool. Maintained by folt.org.

TMXResourceBundle The TMXResourceBundle is an extension of the Java resource bundle. Developers can read in screen texts directly from a TMX file. Requirements: Java Licence: LGPL

TMXValidator This program can be used to validate TMX files. It provides you with detailed error messages, which can be used to eliminate any problems with the file. Requirements: Java Licence: Eclipse Public

TransDict This project aims to provide a web-based localisation framework, written in Perl. Requirements: Perl Licence: GPL

Translate Toolkit This tool set provides a number of scripts and filters for converting different formats. Requirements: Python Licence: GPL

Transolution Formerly known as EvilTrans, this project is building an XLIFF editor and development has been very intensive. The editor provides a nice, clean view of XLIFF and stays very close to the format. Requirements: Python Licence: GPL

TransProCalc A financial tool for calculating project data for translation projects and generating relevant reports. Licence: GPL

TuMatXa This program provide web-based translation memory management, using the Zope web application server. Requirements: Python, Zope Licence: GPL

Webabel Another web-based translation solution for PO files. Requirements: PHP, MySQL Licence: GPL

XLIFF Tools This project is intended to enhance XLIFF support in open source localisation and is maintained by Asgeir Frimansson. Filters for PO from/to XLIFF are provided, as well as a detailed representation guide for PO. Requirements: Java Licence: (L)GPL

xliffRoundTrip Tool This utility converts any XML file to XLIFF and vice versa. Requirements: Java Licence: GPL

]project-open[ This application is an open-source based project management software that includes ]project-translation[ to support the translation workflow. Not all modules are free. Requirements: Tcl Licence: GPL